Makhalidwe Apangidwe a Zida Zazitsulo za Aluminium

Chithovu cha Aluminium chimapangidwa ndizitsulo zotayidwamatrix zinthu ndi pores. Mapangidwe a thovu la aluminiyamu amaphatikizapo pore diameter, porosity kapena kachulukidwe wachibale, pore roundness, ndi malo enaake. Kulumikizana pakati pa mapangidwe a pore kumatha kugawidwa ngati thovu la aluminiyamu lotseguka komansochithovu cha aluminiyamu chotsekedwa, Kugawidwa kwa pore kwa thovu la aluminiyamu nthawi zambiri kumakhala kosasintha, koma njira zinazake zimatha kukwaniritsa kugawa mwadongosolo. Maonekedwe a pores angakhale otsekedwa-maselo, mawonekedwe otseguka, kapena osakaniza onse awiri. Ma pores aaluminium thovu lotsegukaamalumikizidwa, pomwe pores a thovu lotsekeka la aluminiyamu amakhala odziyimira pawokha ndipo amalekanitsidwa wina ndi mnzake kuti chithovu cha aluminiyamu chiwoneke ngati chinthu chophatikizika cha magawo awiri: matrix a aluminium ndi pores. Mapangidwe a maselo otsekedwa: makoma a pore amatsekedwa kwathunthu kwa wina ndi mzake, ndipo mpweya umakulungidwa mu pores, womwe umakhala ndi phokoso labwino komanso kutentha kwa kutentha ndipo umagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mphamvu, kumenyana ndi kugunda, ndi zina. Mapangidwe a cell-otseguka: makoma a pore amalumikizidwa, okhala ndi mpweya wabwino komanso madulidwe amadzimadzi, oyenera kusefera, kutulutsa kutentha, ndi zina. Popeza magawo amapangidwe a thovu la aluminiyamu amatsimikizira mwachindunji momwe chithovu cha aluminiyamu chimagwirira ntchito, pazogwiritsa ntchito, zida za aluminium thovu zomwe zili ndi magawo oyenera ziyenera kusankhidwa molingana ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Poyerekeza ndi zida zachitsulo zachikhalidwe, thovu la aluminiyamu limadziwika ndi kukula kwakukulu kwa pore (kukula kwa pore D = 0.2 mm mpaka 8 mm), kutsika kwambiri (porosity 63% mpaka 90%), ndi kutsika kochepa. Mapangidwe a mafupa aaluminium thovuikuwonetsa magawo atatu a reticular, okhala ndi magawo olimba a aloyi ya aluminiyamu. reticulation Izi amapereka zinthu kwambiri mawotchi katundu, monga mkulu enieni mphamvu ndi wabwino mayamwidwe mphamvu. Kunja kwa thovu la aluminiyamu kumakhala kovutirapo ndi pores, koma mawonekedwe apamwamba amatha kupitilizidwa ndi chithandizo chapambuyo (mwachitsanzo, zokutira, makina).

Zonse mwazonse, mawonekedwe amtundu wa aluminium thovu ndi porosity yake, yopepuka komanso yolimba kwambiri, ndi mafupa atatu amitundu itatu. Mapangidwe awa amatsimikizira momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito m'magawo acoustic ndi kutenthetsa kwamafuta, kuyamwa mphamvu, kukana mphamvu, kusefera, ndi zomangamanga zopepuka.

Maonekedwe a aluminiyamu ya thovu: (a) aluminiyumu yokhala ndi thovu lotseguka; (b) aluminiyamu yokhala ndi thovu yotsekeka